What causes cervical ectropion?

Cervical ectropion may be caused by childbirth injuries, chronic inflammatory stimulation, surgical operations, congenital developmental abnormalities, changes in hormone levels, etc. Cervical ectropion usually presents with symptoms such as increased leucorrhea, contact bleeding, and lumbosacral pain, which can be improved through drug treatment, physical therapy, and other methods.

1. Childbirth injuries

Mechanical stretching or tearing of the cervix during delivery may lead to mucosal eversion, especially in acute delivery, forceps-assisted delivery, or when the fetus is too large. This type of injury may be accompanied by cervical laceration or poor healing, which may manifest as blood-streaked vaginal discharge or bleeding after intercourse. Baofukang suppositories, Xiaomi vaginal effervescent tablets and other drugs are commonly used in clinical practice to fight infection, and are combined with infrared irradiation to promote repair. If ectropion is found during the 42-day postpartum review, it must be treated promptly.

2. Chronic inflammation stimulation

The inflammatory exudate produced by long-term cervicitis or vaginitis repeatedly stimulates the cervical tissue, which may lead to the outward migration of columnar epithelial hyperplasia. Common pathogens include gonococcus, chlamydia, etc. Patients often have yellow purulent leucorrhea with an odor. Treatment needs to control the infection first, such as using anti-metritis tablets combined with metronidazole vaginal gel, and if necessary, laser or cryotherapy to eliminate diseased tissue.

3. Surgical operation

After cervical conization, LEEP surgery and other treatments, mucosal eversion may occur during the wound healing process. This situation is mostly related to the large scope of intraoperative resection or improper postoperative care, which may be accompanied by the risk of cervical adhesion. After surgery, recombinant human interferon α2b suppositories can be used to prevent adhesion, and combined with cervical repair dressings to promote epithelial regeneration.

4. Congenital developmental abnormalities

A small number of patients have loose and everted mucous membranes due to congenital cervical muscle dysplasia, which is common in adolescent girls and may be combined with uterine development malformations. In such cases, observation and follow-up are usually chosen. If recurrent infections occur, topical estriol cream can be used to enhance mucosal resistance.

5. Changes in hormone levels

Increased estrogen levels caused by pregnancy or oral contraceptives may cause the cervical columnar epithelium to extend toward the vagina to form physiological ectropion. Most symptoms can recover on their own after childbirth or after stopping medication. If symptoms persist and are accompanied by symptoms, you can consider using Sophora flavescens gel to adjust the local microenvironment.

Avoid using a vaginal douche for excessive cleaning on a daily basis, choose cotton breathable underwear and change it daily. Women who are sexually active are recommended to undergo joint cervical TCT and HPV screening every year, and seek medical treatment promptly if abnormal bleeding or increased secretions occur. Maintaining a regular schedule and moderate exercise can help enhance immunity and reduce the probability of chronic inflammation. In the diet, you can increase the intake of foods rich in vitamin C such as broccoli and kiwi fruit to help repair mucous membranes.